Ding Ding Ding....That's it! Answer
Dale and Gary are both winners on this one and Dale gets extra credit for perserverence! The answer is birch bark canoes.
Canoe making was an important industry for the North West Company's operations. Canoe making centers were located all along the trade route from the St. Lawrence River to the Rocky Mountains. The largest of these was probably located at Trois Rivi�res between Montreal and Quebec on the St. Lawrence where there was a large supply of birch trees. Most of the canoes made here were probably Montreal Canoes for the trip to Grand Portage of Fort William.
The first step in the construction of a birch bark canoe was the making of a frame or jig in the general shape of the canoe. This was done by driving wooden stakes into the ground to act as a framework. The canoe was built inside this frame which kept the pieces held together as construction proceeded.
The gunwales or edges of the canoe and ribs, would be formed from pieces of wood cut to the right size and then bent into the correct shape. Steam would be used to soften the wood for bending and the frame on the ground would hold the shape as work continued.
The Indians had long made the finishing of the canoe a task for the women in the band. They would gather the sheets of birch bark by stripping it off trees, collect the spruce root or wattape used to sew the pieces together and collect the pine pitch or gum used to seal the seams. Once the basic frame work was completed, the women would trim and sew the birch bark pieces, attach them to the gunwales and ribs, and then seal the seams with pitch.