WoodCentral Forums

Est. 1998 — 27 years of woodworking knowledge

Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

Posts

Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#1

Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

I do love the U.S. Labs. Good people doing good work that few of us know about, much less read about. Here�s Monday�s question for all bookshelf builders.

Rate the woods (1-8 least to most) in sag as if a shelf. Size 36� wide, 12� deep and �� thickness. Each selected piece carries a weight of 75 pounds (a shelf of books) evenly distributed (not center weighted, which would show even greater sag) across shelf and supported on the ends only. No other bracing- the piece of material only.

White Pine

Glass

Balsa

High Density MDF

Sapele

Yellow Poplar

3/4 � Fir Plywood

Red Oak

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#2

3/4" fir plywood,not as indicated

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#3

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

I'll take a crack at the most rigid and the least poplar.

John

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#4

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

It's a trick question. I'm almost sure that glass is not a wood. ;-)

Tom

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#5

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

Come now, Tommy,

It just has an unusually high silica content!

Cheers!

Jim

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#6

You certainly win that one!

I added that one as an afterthought as a comparison and alternative for a shelf. I should have noted the exception.

Re: Monday, Perhaps time to reconsider.

#7

Re: Monday answer.

Today's trivia question information was derived from a copyrighted pages at other sites. For full use go to:

http://www.woodbin.com/calcs/sagulator.htm

A number of points identified on that site, some of which follow.

�Notes

1. The eye will notice a deflection of 1/32 inch per running foot, or 3/32" (0.09") for a 3' wide bookshelf.

2. Once you have a maximum allowable sag figure in mind, you can design a shelf by tweaking the material types and dimensions.

3. A fully loaded bookshelf weighs 20-25 pounds (9-11 kg) per running foot, or 60-75 pounds (27-34 kg) for a 3' wide shelf.

7. The deflection calculations are based on average wood stiffness properties measured in controlled laboratory conditions (U.S. Forest Products Lab).

8. � As an engineering rule of thumb, wood beams/shelves will sag an additional 50% over time beyond the initial deflection induced by the load.

Tips for Managing Shelf Sag

� If shelf span is reduced by one-fifth, stiffness is roughly doubled (deflection is halved).

� If shelf span is increased by one-fourth, deflection doubles.

� If shelf span is doubled, deflection is eight times greater.

� If shelf thickness is doubled, deflection is reduced to one-eighth.

� If shelf depth is doubled, deflection is cut in half.

� Slide a support mid span under a shelf and it can support eight times more weight.

� Anchoring a shelf at both ends so that there is no (zero) movement can increase the stiffness of the shelf by up to five times. This opens cross grain problems however.

Credits

Harry A. "Steve" Stephenson for providing advice and formulas. Another very helpful resource was Bruce Hoadleys book - Understanding Wood: A Craftsman's Guide to Wood Technology.� Also helpful information can be found from �Woodworkers Essential Facts and Formulas and Short Cuts� by Ken Horner

Answer

�� glass .04

Sapele wood .06

Yellow Poplar .07

Red Oak .07

White Pine .09

�� Fir Plywood .09

Balsa .22

MDF .22

You see that anything with a sag deflection of greater than .09 is pointless without some correction. Even then, over time, with most woods all he work you put into it will be unpleasing if you under build. If fully loaded you can count on bad stuff if you lock yourself into IKEA or office catalog type MDF covered bookcases. With all those winter projects going it might be wise to plan for maximum use for that project shelf--especially all those HD TV media centers.

👍 This page answered my questions

Your vote helps other woodworkers quickly find the answers and techniques that actually work in the shop.