Re: paring v firmer v sash mortise v mortise
Dave Mount, northeastern MN
>Asher--
As others have said, the biggest variable is whether you're chopping from scratch or drilling out most of the waste.
When you mention just limping along with a "regular" chisel, I'm not sure exactly what kind of chisel you mean. Because paring and butt chisels have beveled sides, they are not nearly was good for cleaning out the corners of mortises that were drilled initially. This is because when you chop down into the waste in the corner, the side bevel pushes the chisel away. Firmer, sash mortise, and regular mortise chisels have straight (flat and sqare to the face) sides, and therefore stay put better when you start hammering down. They force the waste wood to break loose along the grain, rather then letting the chisel slip out the side. For cleaning up the sides of the mortise, this is more a paring operation and most any chisel will do -- in fact, wide paring or firmer chisels are my preference for this. Wide chisels make it easier to get a straight side to the mortise. For speed, I often drill out the waste first, use a paring chisel to clean the leftovers from the sides, then run a mortising chisel down the ends to square them up.
If you're going to chop them entirely by hand, you really need a firmer chisel at a minimum, and preferably a mortise chisel. Sash mortise chisels (as I understand the terminology anyway) are more or less the same as regular mortise chisels except they're not built quite as heavy duty. That said, I got some Marples sash mortise chisels in 1/4 and 5/16 that are tough enough to take most anything I'll put them through. You can hand chop a mortise with a firmer chisel, but you can't pound too hard, take too big a bite, or lever back hard on them. The thick shank and correspondingly long bevel of real mortise chisels help you break the chunks of waste wood out much easier than the shorter bevel of a firmer, not to mention that you can hit them harder.
On that topic, rather than plunking $50 for the chisel your looking at, you might want to peruse eBay. Seems like a lot of folks are selling out new Marples chisels right now (presumably from wholesale lots arising from Irwin's buyout of them), including mortising chisels. I picked up a 1/4, 5/16, and 3/8 off there for $10 a throw, including shipping. The yellow and red plastic handles aren't much aesthetically, but they're very serviceable chisels. With the money you save, you can afford a swan-neck chisel to clean out the bottom of the mortises, which you'll want if you're chopping by hand. Lee Valley has a 1/4" swan neck for about $25, which is a good price if the chisel is of any quality (and that I don't know).
With regard to the confusing description of the Woodcraft mortise chisels, I suspect this is code for those not being heavy duty mortise chisels.
Good luck.
Dave