will be minimal. The dominoes will be as much for registration as for strength. Join is in the center. M&T to bed posts on each end with 2 struts at 12" on either side of the centerline.
The only time I use loose tenons that are thicker than one third of the rail thickness is when the rail is going into a table leg or some thicker stock. In your application, I'd want one or two longitudinal beams on the back of the headboard to counter deflection. The M&T joints aren't going to do it.
Mark, I'm talking about lengthwise beams of some sort, like from bedpost to bedpost or at least long enough to stiffen this assembly. If you're talking about 12" either side of center, that would be 24" apart. How big is this headboard? Will it conceal two stiffeners in those locations?
Ah, now I get it. Thanks. Stunning use of your crazy walnut, by the way.
Admittedly, I do tend to over-engineer things, but I would definitely find a way to screw a couple horizontal straps across the back of the bookmatch. as a mechanical insurance policy on that joint. The vertical straps suspend the slab in the space, but they also act as fulcrums for forces against either the middle or the outboard ends, which could lead to some level of articulation of that center joint.
Ellis explained it very well. Just the force of a pillow and someone's head while reading a woodworking magazine could be enough to stress the joint held just by the tenons. Some horizontal reinforcement is in order.