Re: grain orientation
mikew
>Hi Adam,
The following two pictures are of a handle being made from Cocobolo, which obviously shows the grain orientation in question much better than the handle being replicated right beside it.
The second picture is the example handle as a close-up. Note that the grain orientation is the same: horizontal.


This next picture is of a different 19th century saw, also a London pattern as in the above example. Its grain orientation is also straight through the handle.

There are several issues concerning grain orientation. One is the wood species, another the handle style [open or closed], flat to quartersawn grain orientation, even a handle's "ornamentation." The lamb's tongue on these saws--and the saw in the original post--is the weakest link. Well, that and the horns.
While I have examples where the grain even on a closed handle runs through the upper bridge at an angle similar to what would be found on an open handle, many/most of mine do not. Neither do the closed handles on most of my full sized saws. Some even run up for that matter. As well, I have visited a local collector and ran through his many saws, examples from the 18th century on up.
I have tested via a vise and a hammer to the point of wood failure each and every handle style we've made, using a variety of woods. I have found that having a closed handle made in the above grain orientation, using as close to quarter sawn wood as I can find, makes less compromises in strength in the lower bridge and the horns. The upper bridge cannot be broken short of a hammer repeatedly bashing it.
I believe the lower bridge would be very weak if the grain was running down the upper bridge at whatever angle as it would be on an open handle.
That said, if I were replicating an example, even if the desire was to change the wood, I typically will run the grain the same orientation. Concerning the original post, however, that non-descript wood was flat-sawn as opposed to quarter or bastard grain. On all species except two I have dealt with, that is a real no-no.
Thanks for the comments, Adam. Always good discussing saws.
Take care, Mike