Bill's right; not 1018, nor 01, nor just any iron *LINK*
David Barnett - Venice, FL
>Tool steels, even when fully annealed and spheroidized, are significantly inferior to plain cast iron or Meehanite for lapping of hardened and tempered tool steels. You generally want laps that will hold the abrasive fast, minimizing loose particles that may scratch, glaze, or embed themselves into the material you are attempting to refine. Although mild steels can initially hold a charge and can ocassionally be pressed into service (I've charged framing nails with diamond to make rotary carving points for gem material), such steels are far from ideal and subsequent surface work hardening will render poor results and difficult maintainence.
Cast iron's fine structure and homogenous distrubution of graphite makes it just about perfect for hand lapping edge tools. Of course, copper, tin, lead, zinc, certain brasses, wax, and other natural & synthetic resins can perform admirably when correctly matched to abrasives and target surfaces to be lapped.
Lapping proper should not be confused with loose abrasive grinding where all involved surfaces wear simultaneously. Here's a brief description:
Summary and definition of lapping process