Keith Newton
Epoxy does not require good fitting joints, so bridging a sloppy fit makes it well suited for your need.

You can mix it up with some dust out of your sander bag, to make it thicker, and match the color, then over fill the hole, before inserting the primed tenons. causing it to squeeze out. That would be with tape over the holes, if they are through the top, with it upside down on the bench.

Not that I'm in the habit of making sloppy joints, but I feel confident that I could glue a 1" tenon in a 2" hole, which would be strong enough to break the tenon before the epoxy failed.